Means for conserving liquid gases.



H0. 002,20. Patented Nov. 20,1900.

0. F. BRADY.

lflEA'MS FOR OONSERVIHG LIGUII) GASES.

2 Sheets-Sheet (H0 mm.)

' lNVENTORl' M iii WITNESSES; Wk/

. Patented Nov. 20, I900. J. F. BRADY.

Sheet 2.

(Application filed Mar. 29, .1899.)

2 Sheets INVENTOR:

MEANS FOR GUNSEBVING LIQUID GASES.

(No Model.)

\NITNESSES UNTTED STATES PATENT Trice.

JOHN F. BRADY, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 662,217, dated November 20, 1900.

Application filed March 29, 1899.

To (1, 7127110711 it Duty concern.-

Be it known that I, JOHN F. BRADY, a citizen of the United States, residing at Chicago, in the county of Cook-and State of Illinois, have invented a new and useful Means for Conserving Liquid Gases, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to means for conserving liquid gases; and my object is to provide a construction adapted to hold the gas in a liquid state for a great length of time, so that it may be shipped to a great distance or be held in stock for any use for which it may be adapted without the enormous loss incident to the employment of conserving vessels of the ordinary class, the same being described hereinafter and illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which Figure l is a vertical axial section on broken line 10, Fig. 3, showing the general construction and relation of the principal parts, and also illustrates the course of the current of expanding waste gas for refrigerating the outer and inner gas-chambers. Fig. 2 is a cross-section on broken line 6. of Fig. 1 to illustrate the arrangement of double gaschambers from which the Waste gas is directed around in the spaces between the several nested spheres, which in this instance comprise the main body of the apparatus. Fig. 3 is a horizontal nearly axial section on broken line 7, Fig. l, of the main body portion of the apparatus to illustrate the disposition of several vertical partitions between the walls of the nested spheres. Fig. 4 shows, respectively, a plan and a cross-section on broken line 8 9 of one of the heat-insulating bearing-rings which are disposed below three of the internal spheres, and not only hold them apart, but serve to bear their weight and assist in preserving their concentric position. I

Similar letters indicate like parts througlr out the several views.

In this instance there are four spheres, of which three, A, B, and C, are nested within the outer sphere D, the spheres being separated by means of the base-rings E, F, and G and top rings E, F, and G, so that spaces E F and G are formed between them. Each of the spheres in this instance is covered with a'good heat n0n-conductor,such as wool- Serial No. 710,998. kilo model.)

felt or the like, as indicated at A, B, C, and D. llhe central chamber A contains the liquid gas, as indicated in Fig.1. At the top portion of the spheres are circular heads H, I, J,

and K, adapted to screw into rings firmly secured to the margins of holes in the spheres, and eachhead is provided with an outwardly opening spring-controlled valve, such as H, l, J, and K. .The top insulating-rings E, F, and G, the heads H, I, J, and K, and the vertical partitions L, M, and N form six semicircular chambers L L M M and N N 'therings with the portions of such spaces inclosed by the rings. There are verticallydisposed partitions E F and G E, F, and G, and E F and G whose upper ends join the top rings E, F, and G and the lower ends join the base-rings E, F, and G.

The base and top rings E,F, and Gand E, F, and G should be made of some soft wood, or of a compressed fibrous material-such as wool,asbestos,or a combination of materialsto insure sufficient stability to hold the several spheres in proper position without undue shifting when being transported, and at the same time form as nearly as possible a perfoot insulator against the passage'of heat inwardly to the liquid-gas chamber in sphere A. The vertical partitions should also be made of a material having similar qualities described for the rings. Copper covered with an insulatingcoat ofsoine good non-conductor of heat, like wool-felt,is preferable for the two centrally-located spheres, but more especially for the liquid-gas sphere A. If the temperature is prevented from falling so low in the outer spaces F and G as not to injure the strength of steel, this metal, covered with a good non-conductor, would be suitable for the construction of spheres C and D.

A liquid gas introduced into central sphere A would forever remain in the liquid state if heat could be prevented from penetrating the walls of the several nesteli spheres, and since no material exists which is a perfect insulator There of heat the latter will slowly penetrate each successive insulated sphere-wall and finally raise the temperature of the external surface of the liquid gas above the critical point, when it will expand, and when under sufficient pressurelift valve K and pass out into chamber N and thence out through passage-way Q into space E and downward and through passage-Way R in ring E, thence around the bottom of the liquid-airchamberA and through passage-way-R in ring E, thenceupwardly in space E and through passageway Q into chamber N. Thence when sulficient pressure has been attained valve J is raised and the gas passes up into chamber M, thence through passage-way P, space F and passage-ways'S and S, through base-ring F, and passage-way P through top. ring F into chamber M Then by sufiicient pressure it lifts valve 1 and passes into chamber L ,thence out through passage-way O,space G ,passageways T and T in base-ring G and up space G2 and through passage-way O in top ring G into chamber L, when the gas under a suificient pressure will lift valve H and pass out into the atmosphere or into a means for conveying it to a place where it may be additionally utilized.

It is obvious that the waste gas from the liquid in sphere A may be made to prevent all but a very small per cent. of heat from reaching the liquid-gas chamber.

It will be understood that the top portion of this apparatus around and upon head H will be covered with a good non-conductor of heat, such as a cap'made of some material like wool or hair felt, but it is not-shown in the drawings.

It is obvious that the rings hereinbefore described for holding the spheres concentric and the arrangement of the vertical partitions for compelling the current of cold gas to pass around the spheres may be arranged in many other ways than as shown without changing the general intent of these parts. It willalso be understood that the several spheres may be substituted by vessels of several other shapes, for it is obvious that when apparatus of this kind is made of large size a cylindrical shape would cost much less and serve the same purpose.

I claim as my invention 1. In a. means for conserving liquid gas, a series of heat-insulated receptacles, one within the other, communicating heads between the vessels, each of which is provided with laterally-opening passages, valves and a partition in each head, and partitions within the spaces between the receptacles extending from opposite sides of the heads between the passages 2. In a means for conserving liquid gas, a central receptacle adapted to contain liquid gas, a series of casings nested around the central receptacle, and each casing insulated from the other and from the central receptacle, by means of a slow heat-conducting material, which latter also serves to separate the several casings from each other and from the central receptacle, and form spaces for containing gas around between the several eas-' ings and between the central receptacle. and the innermost casing, in combination with valves operated by gas-pressure which guard a passage-way leading out of the central receptacle, and passage-ways'leading out of the casings into the said spaces and out of the outercasing, incombination with means without the spaces adapted to directing gas from the central receptacle around itself, and around the casings for the purpose stated.

3.. In a means for conserving liquid gases, a series of heat-insulated receptacles, one within the other, each provided with an outwardly-opening valve and the central one being adapted to contain liquid gas, and means between the receptacles for causing the gas to circulate in reverse directions in the spaces between the receptacles in its passage from the interior to the exterior of said receptacles.

4:. In a means for conserving liquid gases, a series of heat-insulated vessels, one within the other, each provided with a head, and

each head being provided with spaces, each space communicating with the adjacent space 'between the vessels, and one of the spaces in each alternate head commu nicatiu g with the corresponding space of the next succeeding head, and an outwardly-opening valve in each of the passages between the heads.

5. In a means for conserving liquid gases,

a series of nested heat-insulated vessels, each provided with a head, each head being provided with spaces, said. spaces communicating with the adjacent space between the vessels, and one of the spaces of each alternate head com municatiug with the corresponding space of the next succeeding head, an outwardly-opening spring-pressed valve in the passage from one head to the other one, and top and base rings within the spaces between the different vessels, said rings being provided with gas-passages.

JOHN F. BRADY. Witnesses:

' THOS. W. HIGGINS, FRANK S. LEWIS. 

